Level 3 · Jazz

Broken Time

The full vocabulary, not just a fragmented ride

Duration · 25–30 min Focus · Time / Phrasing
Prerequisites

Broken time is not "playing less." It is playing different things in places where you would normally play the ride pattern. The pulse is still there; the band still hears 2 and 4; the form still moves. But the drummer is no longer the metronome — they are a voice in conversation with the bass, the soloist, and the form itself.

The Arthur Taylor interview at the back of The Art of Bop Drumming is the closest thing to a written rulebook for this. The summary: the pulse must be implied, the bass is your closest partner (you and the bassist together hold the form), and the snare can take over the ride's role for a bar or two before handing it back. The space between events does the work — what you don't play matters as much as what you do.

  • Fragmented ride — the skip pattern interrupted by silences, with the ride voice landing only on selected beats.
  • Snare as ride voice — the cross-stick or soft snare takes over the timekeeping role for a bar.
  • Solo phrase interruption — a one-bar burst of activity that breaks the texture, then resolves on the next downbeat.

Brian Blade with the Joshua Redman trio is the modern reference. Listen to how the ride disappears for whole bars and the form is still there.

1 — Fragmented Ride (4 bars)
4/4 · swing 8ths · ♩ = 110
Four bars: full ride · sparse ride · sparser ride · full ride. The hi-hat foot on 2 and 4 is the pulse anchor — it holds the form together while the ride disappears. Count out loud to keep your place. The fragmented bars should still feel like 4/4, not like silence.
2 — Snare as Ride Voice (cross-stick takes over)
4/4 · swing 8ths · ♩ = 110
The ride pattern is now on the cross-stick — lay the stick across the rim with the tip on the head, then strike. The result is a clicking version of the swing pattern. The pulse is preserved (the hi-hat foot still marks 2 and 4), but the timbre has gone from cymbal to wood. This is the texture under a quiet ballad solo or a rubato vamp.
3 — Solo Phrase Interruption (4 bars)
4/4 · swing 8ths · ♩ = 110
Two bars of broken time, one bar of solo (8th-note snare flurry with quarter-note kicks underneath), then back into the ride pattern. The solo bar is the interruption — a sudden burst of activity that punctuates the sparse texture, then resolves cleanly on the next 1. The form is intact throughout: hi-hat foot on 2 and 4, every bar.
4 — Response to an Implied Soloist (8-bar exchange)
4/4 · swing 8ths · ♩ = 110
Eight bars structured as a conversation: bars 1–2 the soloist holds a long note (you frame the beat with quarter-note rides only); bars 3–4 the soloist plays a flurry (you answer with snare commentary and increased ride density); bars 5–6 release back into space; bars 7–8 push into the next chorus with a fully restored ride and a Philly-Joe lick on the & of bar 7. Imagine the soloist as you play — the drumming makes sense only as a response.
Move on when
  • Four bars of broken time at ♩=110 with the pulse implied — a listener could clap on 2 and 4 throughout
  • Snare functions as a "ride voice" for at least one full bar without losing the form
  • A single solo phrase can interrupt the broken time and resolve back into it on beat 1
  • Broken-time response to an implied soloist (8-bar exchange) maintains the chorus length
Listening 3 records

Listen for it

  1. 01

    Brian Blade Fellowship Perceptual

    Modern broken time — entire bars where the ride disappears and the form holds via the snare and the hi-hat foot.

  2. 02

    Joshua Redman Trio Back East

    Brian Blade in conversation with bass — broken time as dialogue.

  3. 03

    Jack DeJohnette (Keith Jarrett Trio) Standards Live

    The reference for fragmented ride and snare-as-ride-voice. Listen to 'Stella by Starlight'.